MODELING OF THE SANOGENETIC DEVELOPING ENVIRONMENT AND STARTING NON-DRUG HABILITATION OF PREMATURE INFANTS

The review presents modern data on postnatal adaptation in infants born prematurely, which are characterized by “catching up” the pace of development. It is shown that the conditionally early neonatal period in extremely immature infants can stretch up to 3-4 months of the postnatal life, which is associated with a high risk of adaptation failures with inadequate environmental influences, but at the same time is the basis for a mild aimed correction of perinatal brain damage. Functionally immature structures of the central nervous system of a premature baby were been established to have pronounced plasticity, which can be considered as the ability of the nervous system of a growing organism to reorganize. Plasticity of the nervous system is associated with increased expression of a large complex of neurotrophic biologically active compounds - protein and peptide growth factors of nervous tissue, which intensify the growth and development of nerve cells. At the early stages of the development, changes in the microenvironment of the child and the environment can change the morphofunctional properties of the central nervous system, the rate of psychomotor development, and the behavior of the newborn too significantly. The urgency of the problem is associated with a high incidence of disability in infants born prematurely, as well as with the undesirability of drug loading on an immature organism. The effectiveness of new methods of physical treatment, including weightlessness modeling and positional therapy, as well as the need for active participation of the family in the process of child rehabilitation and in creating a sensory-developing environment, is presented.

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